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1.
Neotrop. entomol ; 40(3): 312-315, May-June 2011. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-591330

ABSTRACT

Among the pests of cassava, the shoot fly, Neosilba perezi (Romero & Ruppell), is one of the most prevalent. It attacks mainly the terminal shoots and causes infested plants to produce lateral shoots. Reports on this species are rare or inexistent; thus, the purpose of this study was to assess three different areas for N. perezi infestation. The survey began in March 2008 and finished in February 2009. Fortnightly analyses were performed starting 45 days after planting, calculating the rate of infestation by N. perezi larvae in each study area. The areas were correlated separately for each parameter: fortnightly mean temperature, fortnightly mean rainfall, and plant age. The N. perezi larvae occurrence rate was higher in area 1 - which presented the highest population peaks in autumn and winter. There was only a single population peak in area 2, in winter; and area 3 presented the weakest population peak among the three, in November. The shoot fly population dynamics in the studied region is separately correlated to temperature, rainfall and plant age: temperatures above 23ºC, relatively high rainfall and older plants seem to have a negative effect on populations of this insect.


Subject(s)
Animals , Diptera/physiology , Manihot/parasitology , Brazil , Larva
2.
Arq. Inst. Biol. (Online) ; 77(2): 239-244, abr.-jun. 2010. tab
Article in Portuguese | VETINDEX, LILACS | ID: biblio-1390613

ABSTRACT

Bioensaios concentração-resposta foram realizados com o objetivo de estudar o efeito larvicida e detectar possível resistência à ivermectina em dez populações de M. domestica provenientes de granjas de galinhas poedeiras. Para tal finalidade, o meio de cultura para larvas foi tratado com diferentes concentrações de ivermectina (0,015; 0,03; 0,06; 0,125; 0,25 e 0,5 ppm). Atividade larvicida da ivermectina e anomalias nas pupas foram detectadas. A população mais resistente à ivermectina foi Monte Mor, SP (CL= 0,262 ppm e FR= 13,1). As populações de Campinas, SP (CL= 0,141 ppm 50 50 e FR = 7,1), Promissão, SP (CL= 0,110 ppm e FR = 5,5), Santa Cruz da Conceição, SP (CL= 0,102 50 50 ppm e FR = 5,1), Holambra, SP (CL= 0,071 ppm e FR = 3,6) e Hortolândia, SP (CL= 0,068 ppm e 50 50 FR = 3,4) foram mais resistentes que as de Sumaré, SP (CL= 0,052 ppm e FR = 2,6), Sarapuí, SP (CL 50 50 = 0,050 ppm e FR = 2,5) e Itanhandu, MG (CL50 = 0,047 ppm e FR = 2,4). A população mais susceptível à ivermectina foi Grande Porto Alegre, RS (CL50 = 0,020 ppm e FR = 1,0). Os resultados indicam que a ivermectina pode ser eficaz contra larvas deM. domestica. Entretanto, resistência foi suspeitada em algumas das populações, sendo importante a realização de novos estudos nesses locais.


Larvicidal effect and resistance to ivermectin in 10 populations of Musca domestica from poultry farms was evaluated by concentration-response bioassays. For this purpose, the larval growth medium was treated with different concentrations of ivermectin (0.015, 0.03, 0.06, 0.125, 0.25 and 0.5 ppm). As a result, larvicidal activity of ivermectin was observed and some anomalies were detected in pupae. The population from Monte Mor, SP, was the most resistant to ivermectin (LC50 = 0.262 ppm and RF = 13.1). Fly populations from Campinas, SP (LC50 = 0.141 ppm and RF = 7.1), Promissão, SP (LC50 = 0.110 ppm and RF = 5.5), Santa Cruz da Conceição, SP (LC50 = 0.102 ppm and RF = 5.1), Holambra, SP (LC50 = 0.071 ppm and RF = 3.6) and Hortolândia, SP (LC50 = 0.068 ppm and RF = 3.4) were more resistant than the ones from Sumaré, SP (LC50 = 0.052 ppm and RF = 2.6), Sarapuí, SP (LC50 = 0.050 ppm and RF = 2.5), and Itanhandu, MG (LC50 = 0.047 ppm and RF = 2.4). The population most susceptible to ivermectin was that from Grande Porto Alegre, RS (LC50 = 0.020 ppm and RF = 1.0). The results indicate that ivermectin can be effective against larvae ofM. domestica. However, since resistance was suspected in some of the populations studied, it is important to carry out new studies in these places.


Subject(s)
Animals , Poultry/parasitology , Ivermectin/administration & dosage , Ivermectin/analysis , Chickens , Houseflies/immunology , Disk Diffusion Antimicrobial Tests
3.
Braz. j. biol ; 66(2b): 603-610, May 2006. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-433145

ABSTRACT

Em vespas de figo, os acasalamentos ocorrem dentro da prole de uma ou poucas vespas fundadoras, no interior do figo. Posteriormente, as fêmeas acasaladas se dispersam para colonizar novos figos. Sob estas condições, machos aparentados competem entre si por acasalamentos. Vários estudos mostram que esta competição local por acasalamentos (CLA) favorece a ocorrência de uma razão sexual da prole desviada em favor das fêmeas. Estudando Pegoscapus tonduzi que poliniza Ficus citrifolia no Brasil, nós analisamos o efeito da CLA (número de fundadoras) na razão sexual da prole das vespas polinizadoras. A relação do número de fundadoras e a razão sexual da prole seguiu qualitativamente o predito pela teoria, porém, os valores observados foram mais desviados em favor das fêmeas que o esperado. O modelo para razão sexual ótima considera que cada vespa fundadora contribui com o mesmo número de ovos na prole. A violação deste pressuposto explicaria a falta de ajuste dos resultados em relação à teoria.


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Male , Competitive Behavior/physiology , Sex Ratio , Sexual Behavior, Animal/physiology , Wasps/physiology
4.
Braz. j. biol ; 65(1): 25-28, Feb. 2005. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-416967

ABSTRACT

O intuito deste estudo foi avaliar as espécies acarinas encontradas em amostras de poeira de cortinas presentes em 33 salas e 22 quartos de um total de 41 domicílios na cidade de Campinas, SP. Foram encontrados 148 ácaros. Desse total, 83 foram encontrados na sala de TV (56,1% do total) e 65 nos quartos (43,9%). As principais subordens encontradas foram: Acaridida (n = 79; 53.4%), Actinedida (n = 53; 35.8%), Oribatida (n = 14; 9.5%) e Gamasida (n = 2; 1.3%). As principais famílias observadas foram: Pyroglyphidae (n = 61; 41,2% do total), Eriophyidae (n = 25; 16,9%), Tarsonemidae (n = 15; 10,1%) e Glycyphagidae (n = 13; 8,8%). Não houve diferença significativa no número de ácaros observados nas amostras da sala e do quarto.


Subject(s)
Animals , Dust/analysis , Interior Design and Furnishings , Mites/classification , Brazil , Housing
5.
Rev. bras. biol ; 61(1): 125-131, Feb. 2001. graf, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-282417

ABSTRACT

The mean width (n = 5) of the cephalic capsule instar of Alphitobius diaperinus was determined. The larvae were reared at 27ºC (+ or - 0.1ºC). The result showed that A. diaperinus has eight larval instars. The head capsule of the 1st instar larvae measured x = 0.228 (SD = 0.0192) and the last instar larval measured x = 1.339 (SD = 0.0436). The developmental rate, determined by Dyar-Hutchinson's rule, was 1.29. These data may be useful for studies on phenology and age structure of A. diaperinus in the field


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Coleoptera/physiology , Larva/growth & development , Larva/physiology , Linear Models
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